Automatic cut-out device for electrical transformers.



No. 732,174. PATENTBD JUNE 30, 1903.

DE WITT C. CONKLING. AUTOMATIC CUT-CUTDEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMERS.

AIPLIOATION FILED JULY 2, 1902.

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UNITED STATES Patented June 30, I903.

PATENT OFFICE.

DE VVITT C. CONKLING, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TO IVILLIAM L. BEAN, OF KENNEDY HEIGHTS, OHIO.

AUTOMATIC CUT-OUT DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 732,174, dated June 30, 1 903. Application filed July 2,1902. gerial No. 114,151. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, DE WITT C. CONKLING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State 5 of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Automatic Out-Out Devices for Electrical Transformers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to automatic cut-outs [O for electrical transformers, its object being to provide a simple, practical, and efficient apparatus for controlling the primary and secondary circuits in a'delivery system for electric light and power. In these systems, ow-

ing to the necessity of keeping the transformers charged at all times whether in use or not, a considerable loss results, which it is the object of my invention to prevent, during the time when no current is used. This is accomplished by the apparatus herein shown and described, whereby the shutting off of the last light or power translating device on the service-circuit automatically opens the primary circuit,thereby cutting out the transformers, and upon again closing the secondary or service circuit at any point the primary circuit is again closed through the transformers for renewed operation. Incidentally myinvention is devised andarranged so as to be carried in and protected by the transformer-box, and thus protected from injury, and is positive in its switch operation.

Mechanism illustrating my invention and its mode of operation is shown in the drawing 5 herewith, in which a: and y designate the primary conductors, and QC 1 the secondary or service conductors, both connected to the transformers T and translating devices L L 850. The light or other translating device is multiple in the secondary circuit.

The cut-out apparatus (illustrated herein diagramatically) embodies first a magnet M, operating an armature A, carrying two pawls 5 1) p at opposite sides of its central pivot operating a ratchet-wheel R, connecting by intermeshing gears (indicated by dotted lines) with a double cam O. The cam O in turn actuates a lever-switch S between three series of split contacts 0 c c at one extremity of its throw and one similar contact 0 at the opposite extremity of its throw, having an intermediate position of non-contact between. .Two other magnets are employed, one, M having an armature m provided wit-h a contacting wedge or bridge piece standing normally by gravity in the split contact 0 and operating directly to withdraw the bridgepiece and open the contact, and the other, M having a similar armature m contacting in the direct action with split contact 0 and withdrawing by gravity. These parts, together with a battery 13 and the wire connections presently to be described, constitute the constructive elements of the apparatus, the parts being-so arranged as to be all carried in the relative positions shown upon one side of an insulating-base in a vertical position, substantially as indicated in the drawing.

In the position of the parts shown in the drawing the primary circuit is closed as follows: from 00 through transformer-line 12 contact 0 and line 13 to y. The secondary circuit is closed as follows: from 12 through line 8, contact a, line 14, magnet M line 15, and transformer to as, and back to y through the translating devices L L &c. If new the last translating device, as L, is shutoff, thus breaking the secondary circuit, the magnet M is deenergized and its armature m drops by gravity, closing the contact 0 thus establishing a new circuit, as follows: from battery B through line 1, line 2, contact 0 line 3, contact 0, line 4, line 11, magnet M, and line 5 back to battery. Energizing magnet M raises its armature A and by means of the pawlp drives its ratchet-wheel R forward one notch and through the intermediate gears rotates the cam G one-eighth of a revolution, which allows the switch S to drop by gravity out of the contact a c c to the intermediate position, (indicated by the horizontal dotted line 8'.) This in turn breaks the last-described circuit and by deenergizing magnet M allows the armature A to drop and its pawl 19 to actuate the ratchet R another notch and immediately (as before described) to rot-ate the earn 0 another one-eighth of a revolution, thus allowing the switch S to drop to its lowest position (indicated by the dotted line S and make connection at contact 0 In this position of parts both primary and secondary are broken by the falling of the switch S; but the closing of contact 0 leaves the parts in position for a new battery-circuit to be established upon cutting in a translating device, as L, as follows: battery B, line 1, contact 0 line 6, magnet M (closing contact 0 line 7, line 00, translating device L, line y, line 8, and line 9 to battery B. At the same time a shunt or branch loop is closed through line 10, contact 0 line 11, magnet M, and line 5 to battery, whereby the cam O is moved ultimately a quarter tnrn and the primary and-secondary circuits closed for due operation.

It will be observed that when the main switch closes the primary and secondary circuits it does so by a positive action that moves the switch to a predetermined point and locks the same in the contacts absolutely until released. The integrity of the connection while lights are on, therefore, cannot be impaired by shaking or jarring of the apparatus, nor is perfect contact likely to be interfered with in the making by dust, dirt, &c. Again, the action of the switch is divided into two steps, the first caused by the magnet carrying the switch to an intermediate position breaking all contacts and the second to form the contacts. During all this time the switch is always under control either of magnetic attraction or gravity, and no use is made of any uncertain force, such as momentum.

I claim as my invention and desire to se cure by Letters Patentof the United States- 1. In an automatic cut-out for electrical transformers, in combination with a main vibrating switch for closing the primary and secondary circuits at one extremity of its throw and cutting in a local battery at the other, an electrically-operated cam actuating the switch positively to and holding'the same at its limit in the former direction and limiting its gravitating action in the latter, as set forth.

2. In a device of the character indicated, the combination of an actuating-magnet, a weighted armature-lever of the second class, the two pawls hung at opposite sides of its pivotal center, the ratchet-wheelactuated by the pawls, the cam mediately actuated by the ratchet-wheel, the pivoted main switch, and primary and secondary circuits controlled thereby substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an automatic device of the character indicated, in combination with the primary and secondary circuit-wires, of a main switch provided with metal bridge-pieces to close the primary and secondary circnits,and means including a revoluble cam to engage the switch, a train of gears, a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism and an electromagnet arranged.

to, actuate said switch mediately in both directions alternately, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DE YVITT C. CONKLlNG. 

